- A study by researchers from the Women’s College Hospital in Ontario, Canada found that more than half of trans women who received “bottom” surgery are in such pain one year after the operation that they need additional medical help.
- As many as one-third of patients were found to have struggled using the toilet or have other sexual issues one year after receiving the operation.
- Campaigners said the findings underscore that complicated surgeries, such as vaginoplasty, in many cases carry risks that patients do not know about.